Quakes and earthquakes have not be completely understood yet, but the basic concept is the following: We are living in the earth's crust, a piece of solid land which became solid because of an ongoing cooling process. Underneath the crust, which is between 10 and 50 km deep, the planet is composed of a more liquid mix of minerals moving in variable speeds.
That said, it is not difficult to understand that the earth's crust is floating over its nucleus. Floating as we are over these tectonic plates, their slow motion sometimes leaves space for fast landslides. These are which cause quakes and earthquakes.
Summing up, quakes can be caused by:
+ Volcanic eruptions, which are fast movements of magma
+ Landslides caused by mining explosions or the like; or,
+ Collisions between tectonic plates, which are usually the most destructive.
Heptagrama, the web summed up.
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